[챕터10] 접속사

[챕터10] 접속사

- 접속사는 단어와 단어, 구와 구, 절과 절을 이어주는 역할을 한다.

등위 접속사

- 문법적 기능이 대등한 문장 성분을 연결한다.

I had coffee and donuts at lunch.

종속 접속사

- 절과 절을 연결한다. 문장성분이 종속되는 특징이 있다.

Call me when you get home.

등위접속사

and	그리고
but	그러나
or	또는
nor	또한 ~도 아니다
so	그래서
for	~이기 때문에
yet	~이지만(대조)

상관 접속사, 병렬구조

both A and B	A, B 둘 다
either A or B	A, B 둘 중 하나
neither A nor B	A, B 둘 다 아닌
not A but B	A가 아닌 B인
not only A but also B	A뿐만 아니라 B도
B as well as A	A뿐만 아니라 B

I like not only chemistry but also physics.

Both eyes and cameras have light-sensitive layer.

I ordered not the green one, but the blue one.

He is in the book club as well as on our school hockey team.

병렬구조

- 문장내에서 대등한 문장성분이 반복되는 것을 피하는 방법

David waited for two hours, but she didn't show up.

Jane is not as young as she looks.

I heard them laugh, shout, and talk loud.

명사절 접속사 that/whether/if

- 접속사를 써서 명사를 만듦.

that : ~하는 것

I believe that she will pass the exam.

Did you know that Jack has retired?

That he suddenly left the town is strange.

whether[if] : ~인지 아닌지

I wonder whether he knows about the meeting.

Whether he can answer the question is doubtful.

We'll ask her if she wants to meet us.

명사절 접속사 의문사/-ever

의문사

Why were you late? 너는 왜 늦었니?

-> Why you were late 네가 왜 늦었는지

-> Tell me why you were late. 네가 왜 늦었는지 말해줘.

Do you know where the ticket office is?

What you did doesn't matter to me.

I don't remember when his birthday is.

명사절 접속사 : whoever/whichever/whatever

I will agree with whatever you suggested.

We will hire whoever you recommend.

Whichever restaurant you decide on will be fine.

부사절 접속사(시간)

when/while/as

when : ~할 때

while : ~하는 동안

as : ~하는동안, ~하면서, ~함에 따라

The movie had already started when we arrived.

It's so painful when I move my wrist.

before/after/since

before : ~전에

after : ~후에

since : ~한이래로

Wash your hands before you eat.

After she left the company, she started her own business.

once/as soon as

once : ~하자마자

as soon as : ~하자마자

Please come to headquarters as soon as you receive this letter.

I called Laura once he had left.

until/by the time

until : ~할 때까지

by the time : ~할 때까지

We'll wait until you are ready.

Continue cooking till(=until) the meat is tender.

whenever/every time

whenever : ~할 때마다

every time : ~할 때마다

Whenever I go shopping, I always spend too much money.

Every time I come to feed my cat, he jumps onto the table.

부사절 접속사(양보)

because/since/as

~이기 때문에

now that 이제 ~하기 떄문에

We may have to wait in line because it's Friday night.

Since you paid for our dinner, let me pay for the coffee.

although/though/even though

비록~일지라도

Although I took a nap, I still feel tired.

The room is very tidy and organized, though it is small.

부사절 접속사(대조, 조건)

while/whereas

A box is square while a clock is round.

I carried four heavy bags, whereas he carried only a wallet.

if/unless/even if/in case

if 만약~한다면

unless 만약~하지 않는다면

even if 비록~일지라도

in case ~인 경우에

Don't be afraid to ask if you don't understand.

Unless you wake up early, you'll be late for the meeting.

The red light means "Do not walk, even if there aren't any cars around"

They'll make a backup file just in case anything goes wrong.

접속사와 전치사 비교

while/during

while : 접속사 ~하는 동안에

during : 접속사 ~하는 동안에

Can you watch my bags while I'm gone?

My teacher gave us homework during class.

because/because of

because : 접속사 ~때문에

because of : 전치사 ~때문에

I came back because I had forgotten my briefcase.

She moved to Tokyo because of her job.

although/despite

He went to work although he was sick.

Despite the high temperature of the room, they refused to remove their jackets.