[챕터9] 전치사

[챕터9] 전치사

전치사의 역할 및 형태

- 전지차는 항상 명사를 이끌어 두 단어 이상의 '전치사구'를 이룬다.

I was born in August.

I'd love to swim in the pool.

Can we go across the road?

최고 중요 전치사 at/on/in

- 시간/장소를 나타내는 경우 at<on<in의 순서로 가르키는 대상의 크기나 범위에 차이가 있다.

공간을 나타낼때는 (at,점), (on,면), (in,입체)로 기억.

시간을 나타낼때는 at<on<in 시간의 길이로 기억

at : ~에

We take the school bus at 8:30.

I ate too much at lunch.

She wasn't present at the meeting today.

on : ~위에

Pick up trash on the ground.

You'll see the restraurant on your left.

The museum is closed on the first Monday of every Month.

in : ~안에

There are no eggs in the fridge.

I live in a small village in Korea.

He'll be here in an hour.(한 시간 뒤에 그가 올거야.)

최고 중요 전치사 before/after/from/to

before : ~전에, ~앞에

They performed before a big crowd.

We can decorate the classroom before the party.

after : ~후에

Drink plenty of water after exercising.

After winning the prize, he became a celebrity.

from : ~부터

She took a bus from Busan.

He got the idea from his friend.

to : ~까지, ~으로

We went to the park yesterday.

I'm working from eight to four.

최고 중요 전치사 of/for/about

of : ~의, ~에 관련된

The back of the fence needs to be painted.

She writes stories of adventure.

for : ~를 위하여, ~때문에, ~동안에

Let's go for a walk.

It's difficult for me to lose weight.

The hero stands for justice.

We have not seen each other for a few years.

about : ~에 대하여, ~근처에

I read some books about biology.

The teacher worried about the problem.

look about

1> 보다 + 주변을

2> 둘러보다

be about to V

1> 이다 + 주변 + ~하다

2> 막 ~하려던 참이다

come about

1> 오다 + 주변에

2> 일어나다, 발생하다

bring about

1> 가져오다 + 주변에

2> 야기하다, 초래하다

최고 중요 전치사 by/with/without/against

by : ~으로, ~옆에, ~까지, ~에 의하여

You can buy the tickets by phone.

I'll just leave my key by the door.

Hand in your essay by Friday.

I was distracted by a cute puppy crossing the street.

with : ~와 함께, ~을 써서, ~한 채로, ~에 대해서

They went to the market with their neighbors.

Do you see the man with a beard?

I can help you with your presentation.

Rinse with warm water.

without : ~없이

I can't see anything without my glasses.

Can I have my burger without onions?

against : ~에 맞서, ~에 맞대어

They played against Brazil.

The students fought against time to complete the test.(fight-fought-fought)

중요 전치사(시간) during/until/within/since

during : ~동안에

It must have rained during last night.

Please turn off your cell phone during the performance.

+ for는 뒤에 기간이 온다. ex. for a week.

until : ~까지 계속

The exhibition will continue until March.

Until the 1960s, the term "multitasking" didn't exist.

+ until과 by의 차이?

Do this job by 4 p.m // 이 일을 4시전에 끝내도록 해라. 2시가됐던 3시가 됐던 끝마쳐라

Do this job until 4 p.m // 이 일을 4시까지 계속 쭉 이어서 해라.

within : ~이내에, ~안쪽에, ~안에서

The plane should take off within 30 minutes.

Your books will arrive within the next seven days.

since : ~이래로

We've lived in Paris since last year.

I haven't seen him since his marriage.

중요 전치사(위치) in front of/behind/between/among/above/below/next to, beside

in front of : ~앞에

Let's meet in front of the gate.

behind : ~뒤에

James was sitting right behind her.

between : ~ 사이에

It's between the school and the park.

among : ~ 중에서

The buildings is among the tall trees.

// between과 among의 의미적 차이를 구분할 줄 알아야 함.

above : ~위에

The sky above the city was so clear.

below : ~아래에

He dived below the surface of the sea.

next to : ~바로 옆에(=beside)

His parents sat next to him.

// next to(=beside)가 by보다 더 가까운 느낌이다.

중요 전치사(방향, 움직임) up/down/over/under/into/out of

up : ~위로

He pushed the truck up the hill

down : ~아래로

Be careful going down the ladder.

over : ~을 넘어서

There's light hanging over the desk.

under : ~아래에

There's a cat under the desk.

into : ~안으로, ~으로 되는

He threw the letter into the trash can.

A caterpillar turns into a butterfly.

out of : ~밖으로

The students are going out of the classroom.

중요 전치사(방향, 움직임) through/across/along/around/past/toward(s)

through : ~을 관통하여, ~내내

The path runs through the forest.

We traveled through the country.

across : ~을 가로질러

I saw her walking across the street.

There's a crack across the wall.

along : ~을 따라

We are driving along 5th Avenue.

around : ~을 돌아서

They are sitting around the table.

past : ~을 지나서

The post office is right past the park.

He walked straight past me.

toward(s) : ~쪽으로

She is hurrying towards the exit.